Step 1: First we have to write polynomials in descending order.
$$ \begin{aligned} P(x) &= 14r^2-9r-4 \\ Q(x) &= -11r^2+2r+5 \\ \end{aligned} $$Step 2: Write second polynomial below the first one. Making sure like terms are lined up.
$$ \begin{array}{lrrr} & 14r^2 & -9r & -4 \\ \color{red}{ - } & -11r^2 & 2r & 5 \\ \hline \end{array} $$Step 3: Change ALL the signs in the second row.
$$ \begin{array}{lrrr} & 14r^2 & -9r & -4 \\ \color{red}{ - } & 11r^2 & -2r & -5 \\ \hline \end{array} $$Step 4: Combine like terms (add each column):
$$ \begin{array}{lrrr} & 14r^2 & -9r & -4 \\ \color{red}{ - } & 11r^2 & -2r & -5 \\ \hline & 3r^2 & -7r & 1 \end{array} $$