In this example we are multiplying two binomials so FOIL method can be used.
$$ \begin{aligned} \left( \color{blue}{ g+4}\right) \cdot \left( \color{orangered}{ g+4}\right) &= \underbrace{ \color{blue}{g} \cdot \color{orangered}{g} }_{\text{FIRST}} + \underbrace{ \color{blue}{g} \cdot \color{orangered}{4} }_{\text{OUTER}} + \underbrace{ \color{blue}{4} \cdot \color{orangered}{g} }_{\text{INNER}} + \underbrace{ \color{blue}{4} \cdot \color{orangered}{4} }_{\text{LAST}} = \\ &= g^2 + 4g + 4g + 16 = \\ &= g^2 + 4g + 4g + 16 = \\ &= g^2+8g+16; \end{aligned} $$