Step 1: Write second polynomial below the first one. Making sure like terms are lined up.
$$ \begin{array}{lrrrr} & -3a^3 & 2a^2 & & -4 \\ \color{blue}{ + } & a^3 & -3a^2 & -5a & 7 \\ \hline \end{array} $$Step 2: Combine like terms (add each column):
$$ \begin{array}{lrrrr} & -3a^3 & 2a^2 & & -4 \\ \color{blue}{ + } & a^3 & -3a^2 & -5a & 7 \\ \hline & -2a^3 & -a^2 & -5a & 3 \end{array} $$