Step 1: Write second polynomial below the first one. Making sure like terms are lined up.
$$ \begin{array}{lrrr} & 5x^2 & 4x & -2 \\ \color{blue}{ + } & -7x^2 & -9x & 12 \\ \hline \end{array} $$Step 2: Combine like terms (add each column):
$$ \begin{array}{lrrr} & 5x^2 & 4x & -2 \\ \color{blue}{ + } & -7x^2 & -9x & 12 \\ \hline & -2x^2 & -5x & 10 \end{array} $$