Step 1: Since 309 do not have a decimal point, we will add one at the end of the number 309.
309.
Step 2: Move the decimal point from its current position (the black dot) to a position immediately to the right of the first nonzero digit (the red dot).
3.09.
Step 3: We moved the decimal point 2 spaces to the right. Therefore, the exponent on base 10 will be positive 2.Now we know that the:
Mantissa = 3.09
Exponent = 2
So, the solution is:
$$309 = \color{blue}{ 3.09} \cdot 10^{ \color{red}{ 2 }}$$