$$ \begin{aligned} \frac{x}{16}-\frac{1}{4} &= \frac{1}{2}&& \text{multiply ALL terms by } \color{blue}{ 16 }. \\[1 em]16 \cdot \frac{x}{16}-16\cdot\frac{1}{4} &= 16\cdot\frac{1}{2}&& \text{cancel out the denominators} \\[1 em]x-4 &= 8&& \text{ move -4 to the right } \\[1 em]x &= 8+4&& \\[1 em]x &= 12&& \\[1 em]x &= 12&& \\[1 em] \end{aligned} $$

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