$$ \begin{aligned} \frac{5}{8}x+12 &= 42&& \text{multiply ALL terms by } \color{blue}{ 8 }. \\[1 em]8 \cdot \frac{5}{8}x+8\cdot12 &= 8\cdot42&& \text{cancel out the denominators} \\[1 em]5x+96 &= 336&& \text{ move 96 to the right } \\[1 em]5x &= 336-96&& \\[1 em]5x &= 240&& \text{ divide both sides by $ 5 $ } \\[1 em]x &= \frac{240}{5}&& \\[1 em]x &= 48&& \\[1 em] \end{aligned} $$

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