$$ \begin{aligned} 4 &= 12-2r&& \text{ swap the left and right side of the equation } \\[1 em]12-2r &= 4&& \text{ move 12 to the right } \\[1 em]-2r &= 4-12&& \\[1 em]-2r &= -8&& \text{ divide both sides by $ -2 $ } \\[1 em]r &= \frac{-8}{-2}&& \\[1 em]r &= 4&& \\[1 em] \end{aligned} $$