$$ \begin{aligned} 4(3p+7) &= 8p+40&& \text{simplify left side} \\[1 em]12p+28 &= 8p+40&& \text{move the $ \color{blue}{ 8p } $ to the left side and $ \color{blue}{ 28 }$ to the right} \\[1 em]12p-8p &= 40-28&& \text{simplify left and right hand side} \\[1 em]4p &= 12&& \text{ divide both sides by $ 4 $ } \\[1 em]p &= \frac{12}{4}&& \\[1 em]p &= 3&& \\[1 em] \end{aligned} $$

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