$$ \begin{aligned} 32 &= -8v+5(v+4)&& \text{simplify right side} \\[1 em]32 &= -8v+5v+20&& \\[1 em]32 &= -3v+20&& \text{ swap the left and right side of the equation } \\[1 em]-3v+20 &= 32&& \text{ move 20 to the right } \\[1 em]-3v &= 32-20&& \\[1 em]-3v &= 12&& \text{ divide both sides by $ -3 $ } \\[1 em]v &= -\frac{12}{3}&& \\[1 em]v &= -4&& \\[1 em] \end{aligned} $$

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