$$ \begin{aligned} 1 &= \frac{z}{4}-2&& \text{multiply ALL terms by } \color{blue}{ 4 }. \\[1 em]4\cdot1 &= 4 \cdot \frac{z}{4}-4\cdot2&& \text{cancel out the denominators} \\[1 em]4 &= z-8&& \text{ swap the left and right side of the equation } \\[1 em]z-8 &= 4&& \text{ move -8 to the right } \\[1 em]z &= 4+8&& \\[1 em]z &= 12&& \\[1 em]z &= 12&& \\[1 em] \end{aligned} $$

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