$$ \begin{aligned} \frac{1}{2}x+4 &= 10&& \text{multiply ALL terms by } \color{blue}{ 2 }. \\[1 em]2 \cdot \frac{1}{2}x+2\cdot4 &= 2\cdot10&& \text{cancel out the denominators} \\[1 em]x+8 &= 20&& \text{ move 8 to the right } \\[1 em]x &= 20-8&& \\[1 em]x &= 12&& \\[1 em]x &= 12&& \\[1 em] \end{aligned} $$
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