$$ \begin{aligned} \frac{y+5}{2} &= \frac{y+2}{4}&& \text{multiply ALL terms by } \color{blue}{ 4 }. \\[1 em]4 \cdot \frac{y+5}{2} &= 4 \cdot \frac{y+2}{4}&& \text{cancel out the denominators} \\[1 em]2y+10 &= y+2&& \text{move the $ \color{blue}{ y } $ to the left side and $ \color{blue}{ 10 }$ to the right} \\[1 em]2y-y &= 2-10&& \text{simplify left and right hand side} \\[1 em]y &= -8&& \\[1 em]y &= -8&& \\[1 em] \end{aligned} $$

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