To find diagonal $ d2 $ use formula:
$$ d_1^2 + d_2^2 = 4 \cdot a^2 $$After substituting $d_1 = 40\, \text{cm}$ and $a = 23\, \text{cm}$ we have:
$$ \left( 40\, \text{cm} \right)^{2} + d_2^2 = 4 \cdot \left( 23\, \text{cm} \right)^{2} $$ $$ 1600\, \text{cm}^2 + d_2^2 = 2116\, \text{cm}^2 $$ $$ d_2^2 = 2116\, \text{cm}^2 - 1600\, \text{cm}^2 $$ $$ d_2^2 = 516\, \text{cm}^2 $$ $$ d_2 = \sqrt{ 516\, \text{cm}^2 } $$$$ d_2 = 2 \sqrt{ 129 }\, \text{cm} $$