To factor $ x^2-11xy-x+11y $ we can use factoring by grouping.
Group $ \color{blue}{ x^2 }$ with $ \color{blue}{ -11xy }$ and $ \color{red}{ -x }$ with $ \color{red}{ 11y }$ then factor each group.
$$ \begin{aligned} x^2-11xy-x+11y &= ( \color{blue}{ x^2-11xy } ) + ( \color{red}{ -x+11y }) = \\ &= \color{blue}{ x( x-11y )} \color{red}{ -1( x-11y ) } = \\ &= (x-1)(x-11y) \end{aligned} $$