Step 1 :
After factoring out $ 6 $ we have:
$$ -54a^{2}+6 = 6 ( -9a^{2}+1 ) $$Step 2 :
Rewrite $ -9a^{2}+1 $ as:
$$ -9a^{2}+1 = 1 -9x^2 = (1)^2 - (3a)^2 $$Now we can apply the difference of squares formula.
$$ I^2 - II^2 = (I - II)(I + II) $$After putting $ I = 1 $ and $ II = 3a $ , we have:
$$ -9a^{2}+1 = (1)^2 - (3a)^2 = ( -3a+1 ) ( 3a+1 ) $$