To factor $ 5n^{3}+10n^{2}+8n+16 $ we can use factoring by grouping:
Group $ \color{blue}{ 5x^{3} }$ with $ \color{blue}{ 10x^{2} }$ and $ \color{red}{ 8x }$ with $ \color{red}{ 16 }$ then factor each group.
$$ \begin{aligned} 5n^{3}+10n^{2}+8n+16 = ( \color{blue}{ 5x^{3}+10x^{2} } ) + ( \color{red}{ 8x+16 }) &= \\ &= \color{blue}{ 5x^{2}( x+2 )} + \color{red}{ 8( x+2 ) } = \\ &= (5x^{2}+8)(x+2) \end{aligned} $$