To factor $ 3m^{3}+12m^{2}-4m-16 $ we can use factoring by grouping:
Group $ \color{blue}{ 3x^{3} }$ with $ \color{blue}{ 12x^{2} }$ and $ \color{red}{ -4x }$ with $ \color{red}{ -16 }$ then factor each group.
$$ \begin{aligned} 3m^{3}+12m^{2}-4m-16 = ( \color{blue}{ 3x^{3}+12x^{2} } ) + ( \color{red}{ -4x-16 }) &= \\ &= \color{blue}{ 3x^{2}( x+4 )} + \color{red}{ -4( x+4 ) } = \\ &= (3x^{2}-4)(x+4) \end{aligned} $$