To factor $ 2x^{3}+3x^{2}-16x-24 $ we can use factoring by grouping:
Group $ \color{blue}{ 2x^{3} }$ with $ \color{blue}{ 3x^{2} }$ and $ \color{red}{ -16x }$ with $ \color{red}{ -24 }$ then factor each group.
$$ \begin{aligned} 2x^{3}+3x^{2}-16x-24 = ( \color{blue}{ 2x^{3}+3x^{2} } ) + ( \color{red}{ -16x-24 }) &= \\ &= \color{blue}{ x^{2}( 2x+3 )} + \color{red}{ -8( 2x+3 ) } = \\ &= (x^{2}-8)(2x+3) \end{aligned} $$