To factor $ 20st+10s+18t+9 $ we can use factoring by grouping.
Group $ \color{blue}{ 20st }$ with $ \color{blue}{ 10s }$ and $ \color{red}{ 18t }$ with $ \color{red}{ 9 }$ then factor each group.
$$ \begin{aligned} 20st+10s+18t+9 &= ( \color{blue}{ 20st+10s } ) + ( \color{red}{ 18t+9 }) = \\ &= \color{blue}{ 10s( 2t+1 )} + \color{red}{ 9( 2t+1 ) } = \\ &= (10s+9)(2t+1) \end{aligned} $$