Step 1 :
Factor out common factor $ \color{blue}{ 4x } $:
$$ 108p^3x+32x = 4x ( 27p^3+8 ) $$Step 2 :
To factor $ 27p^{3}+8 $ we can use sum of cubes formula:
$$ I^3 + II^3 = (I + II) (I^2 - I \cdot II + II^2)$$After putting $ I = 3p $ and $ II = 2 $ , we have:
$$ 27p^{3}+8 = ( 3p+2 ) ( 9p^{2}-6p+4 ) $$