Step 1 :
After factoring out $ 4u $ we have:
$$ -196u^{3}+144u = 4u ( -49u^{2}+36 ) $$Step 2 :
Rewrite $ -49u^{2}+36 $ as:
$$ -49u^{2}+36 = 36 -49x^2 = (6)^2 - (7u)^2 $$Now we can apply the difference of squares formula.
$$ I^2 - II^2 = (I - II)(I + II) $$After putting $ I = 6 $ and $ II = 7u $ , we have:
$$ -49u^{2}+36 = (6)^2 - (7u)^2 = ( -7u+6 ) ( 7u+6 ) $$