Multiply $4$ by $ \dfrac{i}{2} $ to get $ \dfrac{ 4i }{ 2 } $.

Step 1: Write $ 4 $ as a fraction by putting $ \color{red}{1} $ in the denominator.

Step 2: Multiply numerators and denominators.

Step 3: Simplify numerator and denominator.

$$ \begin{aligned} 4 \cdot \frac{i}{2} & \xlongequal{\text{Step 1}} \frac{4}{\color{red}{1}} \cdot \frac{i}{2} \xlongequal{\text{Step 2}} \frac{ 4 \cdot i }{ 1 \cdot 2 } \xlongequal{\text{Step 3}} \frac{ 4i }{ 2 } \end{aligned} $$

Add $2$ and $ \dfrac{4i}{2} $ to get $ \dfrac{ \color{purple}{ 4i+4 } }{ 2 }$.

Step 1: Write $ 2 $ as a fraction by putting $ \color{red}{ 1 } $ in the denominator.

Step 2: To add raitonal expressions, both fractions must have the same denominator.
We can create a common denominator by multiplying the first fraction by $\color{blue}{ 2 }$.

$$ \begin{aligned} 2+ \frac{4i}{2} & \xlongequal{\text{Step 1}} \frac{2}{\color{red}{1}} + \frac{4i}{2} = \frac{ 2 \cdot \color{blue}{ 2 }}{ 1 \cdot \color{blue}{ 2 }} + \frac{ 4i }{ 2 } = \\[1ex] & \xlongequal{\text{Step 2}} \frac{ \color{purple}{ 4 } }{ 2 } + \frac{ \color{purple}{ 4i } }{ 2 }=\frac{ \color{purple}{ 4i+4 } }{ 2 } \end{aligned} $$